The California newt, Toricha toroso, lives in the coastal areas around Los Angeles. Which of the following is a valid null hypothesis relating fitness to survival of a bottleneck event in a coastal area where a small, isolated population of California newts resides?

(A) Only those salamanders with the lowest evolutionary fitness will be eliminated by the bottleneck effect, lowering the allelic frequencies of their traits.
(B) Only those salamanders with the highest evolutionary fitness will survive the bottleneck event, raising the allelic frequencies of their traits.
(C) Surviving the bottleneck event will be random, so any change in the allelic frequencies of the salamander population is not attributed to fitness
(D) Surviving the bottleneck event will be random, so there will be no changes to the allelic frequencies due to the bottleneck event.