Mendel studied seven traits in pea plants. One of the monohybrid crosses he made was between plants with round seeds and plants with wrinkled seeds. What was a conclusion Mendel drew from the F1 generation of this cross? A. The dominant factor, or allele, is for round seeds. B. The dominant factor, or allele, is for wrinkled seeds. C. The factors or alleles for round seeds disappear completely from the plants. D. The factors or alleles for wrinkled seeds disappear completely from the plants.

A. The dominant factor, or allele, is for round seeds.

Explanation:

Gregor Mendel discovered the principles that governs inheritance. During his numerous experiments, he conducted a cross in pea plants involving a single character. This cross is called MONOHYBRID CROSS. In one of these monohybrid crosses, he observed the gene for seed shape in pea plants. He discovered that two alleles are responsible for the expression of this gene: round allele (R) and wrinkled allele (r).

He crossed plants that produced only round seeds i.e. homozygous RR and plants that produced only wrinkled seeds, rr. He observed that the F1 offsprings were all round-seeded. This made him to propose his LAW OF DOMINANCE, which states that an allele is capable of masking the expression of another in a gene. He concluded that the round allele is covering the wrinkled allele in a heterozygous state, since it is expressed over it. He then called the round allele, DOMINANT allele and the wrinkled allele, RECESSIVE allele.