Genetic drift always causes: a) equilibrium in genetic frequencies. b) maladaptive changes in gene frequencies. c) adaptive changes in gene frequencies. d) changes in gene frequencies that are random with respect to adaptation

The correct option is (D).Genetic drift is otherwise known as the Sewall Wright effect or allelic drift and is defined as the change in the allelic frequency of a given population that results due to random sampling .

Explanation:

Genetic drift refers to a phenomenon that is characterized by the change in the allelic frequency of a given population. It results in the disappearance of the gene variants that eventually leads to a reduction in the genetic variation. Occurrence of chance phenomena like emigration and immigration and independent selection eventually leads to genetic drift. This leads to the increment in the homozygosity as the changes in the associated allelic frequency does not move in the optimum predefined direction. The major driving forces is the genetic mutation or migration apart from random selection. The increased frequency and the fixation of rare alleles also occur due to genetic drift.

the right side of the picture going down is:

polymerase

protein

transport vesicle

modified protein

the left side of the picture going down is:

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single-stranded rna

endoplasmic reticulum

ribosome

golgi apparatus

protein released from vesicle

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