What do scientists need to look at before developing an argument?
The validity of data, claims, hypotheses, and observations.
Their opinion and personal views.
The arguments of famous people on the topic.
The arguments that make the most sense for society.

The validity of data, claims, hypotheses, and observations.

Explanation:

Scientists use scientific methods and observations to develop arguments and it's basis must be on facts and not opinions or preferences. The experiments carried out should also be reproducible with no discrepancy.

the framers of the constitution insisted that federal judges be nominated instead of elected due to their desire to have judges above the shifting whims of the masses.

the hope, whether achieved or not, was that federal judges would only be beholden to the law and that by not having judges be elected, they would be protected if that law dictated an outcome that ran counter to popular opinion.