All of the following except developed in some vascular plants and are not present in any nonvascular plants. All of the following except developed in some vascular plants and are not present in any nonvascular plants.

Vascular plants have separate tubular tissues such as xylem, phloem for smooth transport of water, minerals and food while non-vascular plants do not show these attributes.

Explanation:

Although both life cycles are divided between the sporophytic and gametophytic generations, vascular plants have a dominant diploid sporophytic phase while non-vascular plants have a dominant haploid gametophytic phase.

Non-vascular plants are poikilohydric (they can withstand dehydration and can recover without any damage to their tissues), though they cannot control the water level in their cells and tissues. On the other hand, vascular plants are homoiohydry. They can survive in any habitat and can control the water content in cells and tissues, though they have low capacity to survive dessication compared to the non-vascular plants.

Non-vascular plants do not have true leaf. The leaves are mere chlorophyll containing. Photosynthesized food are directly sent from one cell to the other. They lack proper transport mechanism for food and water.

On the other hand, the vascular plants have complex multilayered leaf (cells) structure. The waxy layer cuticles on the leaves prevent dessication. That are more chlorophyll containing than their counterpart.

d

explanation: