This is a pedigree for a family in which several individuals develop a neurodegenerative disease late in life. If individual A has children with an unaffected woman, what is the probability that their first child will be affected?

This aquarium exhibits biotic and abiotic factors in an aquatic environment. one of the abiotic factors is

The diagram below represents a marine food web and a process that can harm the human population. each circle represents an organism and the smaller dots inside them represent a toxic substance. what is being represented and how does it harm the population? the diagram represents biological half-life, in which toxins build up in organisms higher up on the food chain, and this can negatively impact humans who consume the organisms and the toxic substance. the diagram represents biomagnification, in which toxins build up in organisms higher up on the food chain, and this can negatively impact humans who consume the organisms and the toxic substance. the diagram represents the process by which different organisms prey upon each other; this can impact the human population by reducing the number of organisms that do not contain the toxin. the diagram represents the way that toxins are metabolized by living organisms, with those at greater trophic levels able to metabolize more efficiently than those at lower levels. this means that those at higher tropic levels are safer for humans to consume compared to the organisms at lower trophic levels.

Which is an important function of normal flora? a. aid with bone marrow production. b. crowd out pathogenic bacteria. c. destroy digestive track pathogens. d. manufacture iron in the bloodstream.