The cycle deals with geological processes and carbon reservoirs, some of which have been built up or take place over a period of millennia. In contrast, the cycle involves biological processes that are carried out on a daily and/or seasonal basis.

long-term carbon; short-term carbon

Explanation:

The long-term carbon cycle, which takes millions of years, involves geological processes and carbon reserves that bury organic matter and exchange of carbon with rocks as well as formation of fossil fuels. On the other hand, short-term carbon cycle involves biological processes such as exchange of carbon dioxide between the sea and the atmosphere, photosynthesis, respiration, which occur within shorter periods.