The venom of black widow spiders (Latrodectus mactans) contains an enzyme that hydrolyzes lecithin to the phospholipid lysolecithin. The lysolecithin lyses red blood cells, destroying them. One possible mechanism whereby lysolecithin disrupts the plasma membranes of red blood cells is that it:

A. may act in a manner similar to detergents.

B. is toxic to red blood cells.

C. acts as a second messenger to stimulate apoptosis.

D. binds calcium ions, compromising membrane integrity.

E. None of the above is a possible mechanism.

Option B) is toxic to red blood cells.

Explanation:

Partial hydrolysis of lecithin by lecithinases (enzyme in black widow spiders and snakes venom) causes the removal of only one fatty acid to yield lysolecithins, which when subjected to the bloodstream by sting as a result of spider bite causes the rupture of red blood cells.

Thus, the mechanism is that it is toxic to red blood cells.

water is a polar molecule. a chemical bond is a force of attraction between atoms or ions. bonds form when atoms share or transfer valence electrons. atoms form chemical bonds to achieve a full outer energy level, which is the most stable arrangement of electrons. so, false

explanation:

in h2o molecule, two water molecules are bonded by a hydrogen bond but the bond between two h - o bonds within a water molecule are covalent. the greater the electronegativity difference, the more ionic the bond is. bonds that are partly ionic are called polar covalent bonds. nonpolar covalent bonds, with equal sharing of the bond electrons, arise when the electronegativities of the two atoms are equal.

producers: apple trees, potatoes, carrots, grains, acorns, cabbage, grass, corn, lettuce

consumers: deer, mice, rabbits, chickens, squirrels, horses, worms, cows

predators: eagles, frogs, wolves, owls