claims are initiated by the parent and/or child based on the harm suffered as a result of being born.

Wrongful life

Explanation:

Wrongful life is the term used for the claim initiated by the parent based on the harm or injury brought upon a child at birth either due to negligence of the health caregiver or health facilities

kelp are large brown algae that live in cool, relatively shallow waters close to the shore. they grow in dense groupings much like a forest on land. these underwater towers of kelp provide food and shelter for thousands of fish, invertebrates, and marine mammal species.

e) all of the above