Bacillus subtilis is a harmless soil microorganism that is easy to grow in the lab. You want to express a protein called "X Factor" from Bacillus subtilis in E. coli. You think it may help in the synthesis of a vitamin. You know that the G C content of the "low G C" B. subtilis genome is very different from the E. coli genome (~50% G C). Which of the following are things you want to consider as you design this new E. coli strain that will produce X Factor

How do diseases caused by bacteria and diseases caused by viruses react to antibiotics?

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i. e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Match the functions to the cell types ? contraction and relaxation. conducting electrochemical signals fighting diseases carrying genetic material