A person driving a car applies the brakes. This produces friction, which stops the car. Into which type of energy is the mechanical energy of the car converted?

A mechanical brake applies a friction force to convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle into thermal energy which then dissipates into the atmosphere. As with any system, the process of braking must follow the principle of conservation of energy.

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i'm thinking (a) to keep sand in place; ////////////

explanation: a sand fence or sandbreak, like a snow fence, is used to force windblown, drifting sand to accumulate in a desired place. sand fences are employed to control erosion, sand dune stabilization, keep sand off roadways, and to recruit new material in desert areas.