Suppose that exposure to a chemical mutagen results in a change in the sequence that alters the 5' end of intron 1 (i₁). what might occur?
a. loss of the gene product
b. loss of e₁
c. premature stop to the mrna
d. inclusion of i1 in the mrna
e. exclusion of e2

d. inclusion of I1 in the mRNA

Explanation:

Introns are any nucleotide sequence within the gene that is non-coding and it is usually removed  by RNA splicing.

When an RNA transcript is made, it is considered as pre-mRNA. The pre-RNA  contains both the introns and the exons. For it to mature into mRNA, the introns should be spliced and the exons are joined together to form the mRNA.

A mutation might result to the intron I1 not getting spliced hence it will be included in the mRNA.

a fossil fuel is a fuel formed by natural processes, such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms, containing energy originating in ancient photosynthesis.[1] the age of the organisms and their resulting fossil fuels is typically millions of years, and sometimes exceeds 650 million years.[2] fossil fuels contain high percentages of carbon and include petroleum, coal, and natural gas.[3] other commonly used derivatives include kerosene and propane. fossil fuels range from volatile materials with low carbon to hydrogen ratios like methane, to liquids like petroleum, to nonvolatile materials composed of almost pure carbon, like anthracite coal. methane can be found in hydrocarbon fields either alone, associated with oil, or in the form of methane clathrates.

the theory that fossil fuels formed from the fossilized remains of dead plants by exposure to heat and pressure in the earth's crust over millions of years was first introduced by andreas libavius "in his 1597 alchemia [alchymia]" and later by mikhail lomonosov "as early as 1757 and certainly by 1763".[4] the first use of the term "fossil fuel" was by the german chemist caspar neumann, in english translation in 1759.[5]

in 2017 the world's primary energy sources consisted of petroleum (34%), coal (28%), natural gas (23%), amounting to an 85% share for fossil fuels in primary energy consumption in the world.[6] non-fossil sources in 2006 included nuclear (8.5%), hydroelectric (6.3%), and others (geothermal, solar, tidal, wind, wood, waste) amounting to 0.9%.[7] world energy consumption was growing at about 2.3% per year. in 2015 about 18% of worldwide consumption was from renewable sources.[8]