Which of the following is an example of an interpretation (i. e., not an observation)?

a. super-recognizer ability appears to run in families, wherein super-recognizers sometimes have super-recognizer parents
b. different research and law enforcement groups are studying the scientific validity of the super-recognizer phenomenon
c about 2-2.5% of the general population has extremely poor facial recognition abilities
d. a small segment of society (1-2%) has demonstrated extraordinary abilities on facial recognition tests
e. super-recognizer identification works as well as dna or fingerprint identification