There are no species of organisms alive today that are directly related to the triceratops. this information indicates that

a.
all organisms that lived in the past can be linked to newly evolved organisms in the present.
b.
triceratops are extinct, and no organisms alive today evolved from the triceratops.
c.
triceratops have evolved into a species that is so different, scientists are unable to discover the connection.
d.
fossil evidence is inconsistent with the theory of evolution.

Three reasons of the deaths of native americans: new illnesses that their immune systems couldn't cope with. genocides so the settlers could have the good land.starvation from lack of rations and poor infertile land on resevations

Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, controlling virtually every reaction within as well as providing structure and serving as signals to other cells. proteins are long chains of  amino acids  , and the exact sequence of the amino acids determines the final structure and function of the protein. instructions for that sequence are encoded in  genes  . to make a particular protein, a messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) copy is made from the gene (in the process called  transcription  ), and the mrna is transported to the  ribosome  . protein synthesis, also called  translation  , begins when the two ribosomal subunits link onto the mrna. this step, called initiation, is followed by elongation, in which successive amino acids are added to the growing chain, brought in by transfer rnas (trnas). in this step, the ribosome reads the  nucleotides  of mrna three by three, in units called  codons  , and matches each to three nucleotides on the trna, called the anticodon. finally, during termination, the ribosome unbinds from the mrna, and the  amino acid  chain goes on to be processed and folded to make the final, functional protein