Individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome and biosphere
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Explanation:
The levels of ecological organization are individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome and biosphere . They describe the arrangement of biological organisms in relation to each other, being a classification and organization of the various ecosystems. These ecosystems can be studied at small or large levels. At the simplest level of the hierarchy are the individual organisms, where interactions with other organisms are not considered. As the hierarchy has moved upwards, environmentalists have found more complex ways to describe the relationships between organisms. These culminate in the biosphere, which describes the totality of all living things on planet Earth.
Individual: Individuals or organisms constitute the basic unit of study in ecology. At this level, form, physiology, behaviour, distribution and adaptations to environmental conditions are studied. Similar organisms or individuals have the potential to cross over and produce fertile offspring. An individual or organism is fully adapted to its environment.Population: An ecological population is made up of a group of individuals of a given species living in a specific geographical area at a given time and functioning as a biotic community unit. Populations include individuals of the same species, but may have different genetic characteristics such as the color and size of hair, eyes and skin between them and other populations.Community: They include all populations in a specific area at a given time. A community includes populations of organisms of different species. For example, populations of fish, salmon, crabs and herring coexist in a defined location forming an ecological community. Biotic community organization results from the interdependence and interactions between populations of different species in a habitat. It is a set of populations of plants, animals, bacteria and fungi that live in an area and interact with each other.Ecosystem: Ecosystems are the place where living organisms interact with each other and with their physical environment. It is composed of a biotic community, integrated with its physical environment through the exchange of energy and recycling of nutrients. An ecosystem has two basic components: abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living organisms). Abiotic components comprise inorganic materials such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, CO2, water, etc., while biotic components include producers, consumers and decomposers.Biome: It is a set of ecosystems that share similar characteristics with their abiotic factors adapted to their environment. Biomes are units of land with a natural boundary that have a mosaic of terrains generally representing different ecosystems. It is a large regional unit characterized by an important type of vegetation and associated fauna found in a specific climatic zone.Biosphere
: When we consider all the different biomes, each mixed into the other, with all the human beings living in many different geographical areas, we form a huge community of human beings, animals, plants and microorganisms in their defined habitats. A biosphere is the sum of all the established ecosystems on planet Earth. It is the living (and decomposing) component of the Earth system. The entire inhabited part of the earth and its atmosphere, including the living components are called the biosphere.
