How did scientist change society's view of smoking after the 1960s

They showed that smoking causes cancer. There was a noted change in the society's view on smoking after 1960. Such change was influenced by declaring tobacco as an addiction and that it can cause cancer. It started in the 1964.

genetic variation can be caused by mutation (which can create entirely new alleles in a population), random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis (which reshuffles alleles within an organism's offspring).

idk what the options are but

these is a strong electrostatic attraction between the ions hence a lot of energy is needed to overcome this attraction

this is why the boiling points are so high