Which of the following statements related to energy conversion and generation of x-rays is correct?
a. when an electron traveling at high speed strikes a target atom, it will be slowed or completely stopped by the gravitational forces of that atom. b. based on the law of conservation of energy, the kinetic energy of the incoming electron cannot be lost and must be absorbed by the atom or converted to another form of energy. c. about 99% of kinetic energy will be converted into heat and the remaining will be converted to a radiating energy that is known as x-ray. d. all of the above.

The answer is D.

Explanation:

The way x-rays are produced is as follows; using a vacuum environment in a tube, the cathode is heated to a degree where it releases electrons, then these electrons collide with the anode releasing energy that create the x-rays.

All of the options are correct. Although the electron most likely won't stop, it will slow down and change direction after the collision. The law of conservation of energy is also applied in this situation, meaning that the kinetic energy of the electron released by the cathode will transfer to the anode to produce the x-rays. Most of the energy after the collision is converted into heat, which is why the metal used as the anode can heat up to 2000 degrees celcius.

I hope this answer helps.

B

Explanation:

B. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can be transformed from one form to the other. In the transfer of energy from one form to the other, energy transferred is not 100% efficient.

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