Highly potent toxins that are excreted by microorganisms, such as bacteria, and can cause damage to the host by destroying cells or even disrupting the normal cellular metabolism are called:
a) exotoxins.
b) endotoxins.
c) mutations.
d) enterotoxins.

The answer is A. exotoxins, i got it right

many phylogenetic trees have a single lineage at the base representing a common ancestor. a lineage that evolved early from the root and remains unbranched is called basal taxon. when two lineages stem from the same branch point, they are called sister taxa.

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explanation: