Penicillin, cephalosporins, and several other commonly used antibacterial drugs exert their antibacterial effects by inhibiting the function of which results in impaired production of that are essential for normal membrane structure and function.

Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), peptidoglycans

Explanation:

Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are usually found in bacteria and has a common affinity for penicillin. Penicillin-binding proteins is a major ingredient of the peptidoglycans (a component of the bacteria cell wall). PBPs are impaired when they bind with penicillin leading to the formation of defective bacteria cell walls and consequently to death of the bacteria.

the median of the data is 4.5.