Which statement about the tumor suppressor gene p53 is false?

(a) it is required for apoptosis in response to dna damage.
(b) it blocks cell cycle progression in response to dna damage.
(c) it plays a role in up to 50% of human cancers.
(d) its loss causes retinoblastoma, a rare childhood cancer of the eye.

The correct answer is D its loss causes retinoblastoma a rare childhood cancer of the eye.

Explanation:

p53 is one of the most important tumor suppressor protein.It is named so because it has a molecular weight of 53 kd.p53 is encodes by TP53 gene.p53 play a significant role during apoptosis or programmed cell death.

 But the mutation in p53 does not cause retinoblastoma.Retinoblastoma is caused due to mutation in Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein.This disease is formed when both the allele of the retinoblatoma gene gets mutated.

label a cell membrane

label b cytoplasm

label c ribosomes

label d dna

the membrane forms the outside of the cell

cytoplasm is the liquid within

ribosomes are the components within that distribute rna

the dna is the genetic make-up

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.