Why is heart called as pumping organ and what is heart beat ? what is its rate?

Apopulation of bears has genetic diversity. some of the bears have an allele that gives them thicker fur. due to climate change, the winters have gotten colder in their habitat. now the bears with thicker fur are becoming more common in the population. a.) which type of bear is selected for in the coldest ecosystem? b.) what must be the other allele for the type of fur, and what term would you use to describe the fact that the allele is becoming less common in the colder climate? c.) describe the change in the bear population in terms of changing allele frequencies and phenotypes d.) is this an example of natural selection