What is a proto-oncogene? what are the typical functions of proteins encoded by proto-oncogenes? at the level of protein function, what are the general ways that proto-oncogenes can be converted to oncogenes?

Proto-oncogenes may be defined as the normal genes that codes for the growth factors and other proteins in the body. The typical function that are performed by proto oncogenes is the formation of the proteins that regulates the growth and proper functioning of the cell cycle.

Some protooncogenes also code for the factors that are involved in the normal process of apoptosis. The mutation in the proto oncogenes results in the formation of oncogenes that leads to cancer. The gain of function mutation in proto ocogene results in the formation of oncogenes.

there is no

explanation:

emerging idea only occurs as a raw idea that could appear out of nowhere. meanwhile, to reach scientific consensus , that idea must be structured and tested over and over again through various experiments. the scientific consensus transforms the raw idea into idea that is more reliable through the process of scientific elimination.