An animal should (be altruistic to) any infant, regardless of whether or not they are related. br > c, meaning altruism occurs when its benefit to a relative times r, the coefficient of relatedness between the relative and the actor, outweighs the costs to the actor altruism should only occur in certain species that meet key criteria. fr < fa, meaning the fitness of relatives is worth less than the actor's fitness, so altruism should never occur

The phlogiston theory in the 17th century attempted to explain burning. the theory stated that combustable objects contained a material called phlogiston, a substance without mass, color, odor, etc. after objects burned, the objects were dephlogistonated and were then in their true form. the phlogiston theory was accepted until the 18th century, when lavoisier proved that combustion requires a gas that has mass. phlogiston is considered a) to be scientific knowledge b) not to be scientific knowledge c) to be proven by scientific method d) to be accepted in the modern scientific community

Describe the relationship and movement between temperature and density in a convection cell. make sure you identify the direction of travel

Why has two different alleles for the same trait?