Adisturbance is any relatively discrete event in time that does which of the following?

a. disrupts ecosystem, community or population structure
b. changes resources, substrate availability, or the physical environment
c. facilitates succession
d. all of the above
e. both a and b

An ecologist is studying the effects that a population of predators is having on a population of a prey. he used data from the field to produce this graph. which conclusion can draw from the graph?

You decide that the introduction should also discuss the extremophiles that are referred to as the archaea. these single-cell organisms are considered "extremophiles" due to their ability to survive and reproduce in environmental conditions that would be hostile for most living organisms. archaea species have been isolated from highly acidic sulfur springs, ocean floor thermal vents with temperatures that exceed boiling, and subarctic ice well below freezing. while still considered to be prokaryotic, the archaea have numerous differences that place them apart from the bacteria. choose the characteristics that separate the archaea from other prokaryotic cells. select all that apply. view available hint(s) select all that apply. archaea lack true peptidoglycan in their cell walls. the morphology of the cell is rigid and is geometric in shape, similar to a sphere or cylinder. the cytoplasmic membrane lipids of archaea have branched or ringform hydrocarbon chains. all currently identified and characterized archaea have been linked as the causative agent to an animal or human disease.

At which location in earth’s interior does the top density continue to increase as thickness decreases?