Ribosomes are the rna-protein enzyme complexes that synthesize proteins. there are no ribosomes inside the lumen of the secretory pathway. instead, secreted and membrane-bound proteins are synthesized in the cytosol, but have short stretches of amino acids called "signal sequences" that target the newly-forming proteins to a special channel in the membrane of the er that enables the movement of the newly-forming proteins into the er. this "translocation" ceases if a protein sequence is reached that will be embedded in the plasma membrane. protein synthesis will proceed, and the membrane-spanning sequence will eventually be embedded in the er membrane. which of the following features would such a transmembrane amino acid sequence have?
a. the amino acids would have mostly hydrophobic side-chains.
b. the amino acids would have mostly hydrophilic side-chains.
c. there's no way to predict the relative number of hydrophobic and hydrophilic side-chains in transmembrane amino acid sequences.

You have been asked to lead a demonstration for the undergraduate microbiology lab course about the uses of negative staining when studying bacteria. a "negative" stain does not stain the bacterial cell itself but stains the space between cells. under magnification, the acidic (negativelycharged) nature of the stain will be repelled by the negatively charged bacterial cell wall and willleave the cell colorless in a stained background. negative stains are used primarily to reveal the presence of negatively charged bacterial capsules; therefore, they are also called capsule stains. encapsulated cells appear to have a halo surrounding them. the negative stain procedure does not require heat fixation, which limits any chances of alteration in bacterial cell shape and size. the bacterial suspension is added to a drop of stain, such as nigrosin or eosin, and drawn across the glass slide using a coverslip. nigrosin staining-not safranin staining-of klebsiella pneumoniae will allow for the visualization of the cell shape and the determination of the presence of a capsule. true/false

1. describe the structure and function of the specialized cells you observed in the video. 2. research the types of cells present in the kidney.

Which organelle will regrow during telophase?