In chloroplasts, atp is synthesized from adp plus inorganic phosphate (pi) in a reaction catalyzed by atp synthase molecules that are embedded in the thylakoid membrane. which of the following statements provides evidence to support the claim that no atp will be synthesized in the absence of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane?

No ATP is synthesized when channel proteins that allow the free passage of protons are inserted into the thylakoid membrane is the evidence.

The chlorophyll obtains the electrons from water which produces oxygen as a by product. During the process of electron transport, H+ is pumped across the thylakoid membrane, which leads to the production of proton gradient that is responsible for the formation of ATP in the stroma.

If proton gradient is not available or present then no ATP is synthesized so we can conclude that no ATP molecules are formed if no protein gradient is provided to the thylakoid membrane.

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Option C is correct. No ATP is synthesized when channel proteins that allow the free passage of protons are inserted into the thylakoid membrane is the evidence.

During Photosynthesis:

So we can conclude that the proton gradient is required to generate ATP.

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as in mitosis, dna replication occurs during interphase.   in meiosis, it occurs specifically in s phase of interphase 1.