Fish or mammals? argumentation
background
you have seen several lines of evidence that scientists have used to understand where cetaceans
fit on the animal family tree. in the practice of scientific argumentation, pieces of evidence are used
to support claims. reasoning is the logical thinking and science ideas that connect claims and
evidence.
instructions
you will need the following handouts:
• fish or mammals? case study
• fish or mammals? evidence organizer
using the handouts, find the evidence that connects each claim to the reasoning, and add it to the
table. keep in mind that a well-substantiated claim may later become evidence or reasoning for
another claim.
for type of evidence, fill in whether it is from anatomy (a), embryological development (e), fossils
(f), or dna (d). (amino acid sequences, because they are coded in dna, are dna evidence.)
in some cases, there are multiple types of supporting evidence.

Which of the following scenarios is an example of the bottleneck effect? answers a in south africa, much of the afrikaner population is descended from a small number of dutch colonists. in this population, this is an unusually high frequency of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (pxe), an elastic tissue disorder. b four white-tailed deer are introduced to a park in finland. thirty years after their introduction scientists compare the genes in the population and find that there is no variation. c during the industrial revolution, london's air became filled with soot. as a result, birds started eating more of the lighter moths because they were easier to spot than their darker counterparts. over time, the moth population changed so that there were more darker moths than lighter ones. d 10% of the population of american alligators in an area have the recessive trait albinism. a massive flood results in the death of 80% of the population. of the remaining population, 60% have the recessive trait of albinism.

Match the types of competition to their descriptions

Theories basic to all of the life sciences include the germ theory of disease. theory of evolution by natural selection. o two of these answers are correct none of these answers are correct o cell theory.