Mendel's results demonstrated that diploid organisms have phenotypes, whereas haploid organisms have genotypes. phenotype is independent of genotype. genotype is responsible for establishing phenotype. phenotype is responsible for establishing genotype. haploid organisms have phenotypes, whereas diploid organisms have genotypes.

genotype is responsible for establishing phenotype

Explanation:

When Mendel experimented with pea plants, concept of genes and alleles had not come up yet. Through his experiments Mendel first proved that some type of combination in cells leads to a particular phenotype.

He coined the term "factors" which are today known as alleles. These factors paired up and displayed a particular phenotype. Today we know that the alleles are responsible for a genotype which ultimately results in a phenotype. Hence, he established that genotype is responsible for establishing phenotype even before the term genotype was coined.  

you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.

the statement is true