Anursing student is caring for a patient who has been taking morphine sulfate for pain for 2 weeks. the nursing student shows an understanding of pharmacodynamic tolerance by describing it to the instructor in what way?
a "it is a form of tolerance that is a reduction in drug responsiveness brought on by repeated dosing over a short period."
b "it affects the minimum effective concentration."
c "it is a drug response caused by psychologic factors, not by biochemical or physiological properties."
d "it is a condition in which the patient requires increased doses of morphine sulfate to achieve pain relief."

The correct answer is option D.

Explanation:

Pharmacodynamic tolerance is the condition or the phenomenon in which an individual developed decreased responsiveness to a particular drug or medication due to overuse or repeated use of the drug.

In this case, nursing students can instruct for the Tachyphylaxis which is a form of that is developed by the repeated dose of the drug for a short time of period. The placebo effect is a drug response that occurs due to the result of the drug but caused by psychological factors.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

the organisms are not adapted to live in some communities or habitats.

option a and d is the correct answer

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