During allopatric speciation
a: a geographic separation occurs between subpopulations
b: reproduction between all subpopulations is impossible
c: wide phenotype differences appear between subpopulations
d: gene flow continues between subpopulations
e: subpopulations are still able to interbreed

A. a geographic separation occurs between subpopulations

Explanation:

Allopatric speciation, which can also be called geographic speciation, is a type of speciation that involves the isolation of biological populations of the same species. This isolation is caused by geographical changes which include, formation of islands, mountains, and bodies of water. Social changes, brought about by human activities such as urbanization and agriculture, also aids Allopatric speciation.

The isolation of subpopulations from each other will lead to the gene flow being interfered or hindered.

you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.