In a short essay (100–150 words), explain how oxidative phosphorylation—the production of atp using energy derived from the redox reactions of a spatially organized electron transport chain followed by chemiosmosis—is an example of how new properties emerge at each level of the biological hierarchy.

What is the significance of the protein-lined pits? a. protein attracts other proteins needed for atp synthesis within the cell. b. protein-lined pits are able to transport one molecule at a time down the concentration gradient within the cell. c. the polarity of proteins allows other polar molecules to attach and be transported in the cell by transport channels. d. receptors within the pits allow ligands to fuse and be transported into the cell by endocytosis.