List the three basic components required for a bacterial cloning vector and briefly describe the purpose of each.
the haploid human genome contains about 3 × 109 nucleotides. on average, how many dna fragments would be produced if this dna was digested with restriction enzyme psti (a 6-base cutter)? rsai (a 4-base cutter)? how often would an 8-base cutter cleave? 9-2

Which of the following best describes homeostasis? a. keeping the internal environment in a stable state b. keeping the external environment in a stable state c. beneficial characteristics resulting from mutation d. reproduction that results in offspring identical to the parent.

1. the passing of is the basis of heredity. 2. our encode the instructions that define our traits. 3. each of us has thousands of genes, which are made of and reside in our chromosomes. 4. in addition to our genes, the we live in also define our traits. 5. humans have two complete sets of chromosomes. 6. when parents conceive a child, each parent contributes set of chromosomes. 7. every child receives of its chromosomes from the mother and half from the father. 8. this transfer takes place at when the father’s sperm joins the mother’s egg. 9. while most cells in our bodies have two sets of chromosomes, or a total of egg and sperm each have chromosomes. 10. when egg and sperm unite they create a single cell called a 11. each parent contributes complete set of chromosomes to their child. 12. since the parents contribute the chromosomes to each new child, every child inherits a unique set of chromosomes. 13. as a result, every baby will have a combination of traits.

If bacteria are much too small to see, what is one reason why can we see colonies in the petri dishes that have plenty of food to eat after only a few days?