Arudimentary method to calculate the melting temperature of dna is an equation known as "the wallace rule". this equation is: tm = 2(a+t) + 4(g+c) where a = # of adenine nucleotides in the dna sequence, g = # of guanine, t = # of thymine, and c = # of cytosine. tm (in °c) is the temperature at which double stranded dna will dissociate and become single stranded. the "2" and "4" portions of the equation are weighted factors. why might more weight be given to the gc term of the equation than the at term?

What was dr. willem johan kolff’s first step in using the scientific process to invent the hemodialysis machine? he built the machine and tried it with various patients, collecting data about its effectiveness. when a patient’s kidneys failed, he wondered if it would be possible to perform kidney functions with an external machine. he researched and collected data about numerous patients who exhibited symptoms of kidney failure. he drew conclusions from studies of various symptoms of kidney failure, and drew a design for the ideal external blood-processing machine.

In this experiment, the was intentionally manipulated. it is the independent variable. the dependent variables that were measured were the

Grasses--> mice--> cats--> coyotes suppose 10,000 units of energy are available at the level of the grasses. what is the total number of energy units lost by the time energy reaches the coyote?