2. in the citric acid cycle, malate is oxidized to oxaloacetate by the enzyme malate dehydrogenase, which uses nad+ as an electron acceptor. in cells, the ratio of [nad+]/[nadh] is kept very high. given the following standard reduction potentials, explain why it is so important for cells to maintain this ratio. justify your answer with words, equations and diagrams.

Mike was adopted, and his biological family history is unknown. although he is healthy, he would like some understanding of his genetic makeup, including potential health risks and genes that he could pass on to his children. mike has heard about commercial laboratories that can compare segments of your dna to those of people with common hereditary diseases in order to give you some idea of how susceptible you are to the diseases. the results of these types of tests are highly inconclusive. if mike's dna showed that he shares similarities in a segment of dna with people who have a given disease, his chances of developing that disease or passing it on to his children may be slightly elevated, but they are not 100 percent. these tests can cost more than $2,500 and are not covered by many insurance companies. do you think that mike should undergo the genetic tests? explain your answer. what are the potential pros and cons of having such tests done? describe how the availability of these genetic tests might affect the frequency of genetic diseases in individuals and populations.

Which of the following represents the chemical reaction of hydrazine and hydrogen peroxide to produce nitrogen and water? a. nitrogen + hydrogen peroxide → hydrazine + water b. nitrogen + water → hydrazine + hydrogen peroxide c. hydrazine + hydrogen peroxide → nitrogen + water d. water + hydrogen peroxide → nitrogen + hydrazine

Which set of characteristics best describes sedimentary rock? a) largest type of rock, made of organic matter, hardest type of rock b) often contains layers, forms near sources of water, contains fossils c) least abundant type of rock, made of other rocks, made mostly of minerals d) most abundant type in earth's crust, made of magma/lava, contains no fossils