Extracapsular ligaments stabilizing the knee include extracapsular ligaments stabilizing the knee include the oblique popliteal crossing the knee anteriorly fibular and tibial collateral ligaments, which prevent lateral or medial rotation the patellar ligament extending from femur to patella cruciate ligaments, which secure the articulating bones together

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i. e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

The “ecological footprint” left by a citizen of a developed nation is about four times larger than that left by a citizen of a developing nation. why is this the case?

Which of the following do all living things have in common