Cells must be in osmotic equilibrium with their surrounding environments, because if they swell or shrink their membranes will rupture. a) animal b) bacterial c) fungal d) plant about two-thirds of a cell is composed of water. what is the name of the process in which water moves into or out of the cell membrane to maintain homeostasis? a) regulation b) endocytosis c) exocytosis d) osmosis

The correct answer of first question is- A) Animal

The correct answer of second question is- D) osmosis

Explanation:

Answer 1: Bacterial, fungal, and plant cell contains cell wall outside their cell membrane which protects them from osmotic lysis when the osmotic balance changes in the cell but animal cells do not have any cell wall outside its cell membrane to protect it from osmotic lysis so animal cell must in osmotic equilibrium with its surrounding environment.

Answer 2: To maintain the osmotic homeostasis of the cell water moves in and out of the cell and this process is called osmosis. In osmosis water from a low concentration of solute moves towards a high concentration of solute through the plasma membrane to maintain the equilibrium in and out of the cell and to prevent cell lysis.

1) gene flow

- it is described as the transfer of genes from one population to another population so that frequency of gene is increased.

-a zebra migrates to join a different herd of zebras.

2) natural selection

- a mechanism of evolutionary change in which individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce whereas the others ( those that can not adapt) eliminate from the population.

-competition for sunlight leads to taller trees.

3) mutation

- permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of dna ( genetic material) that could have harmful or useful consequences.

-the dna of a snake changes to make its venom stronger.

4) genetic drift - it is a random phenomenon ( that occurs by chance such as fire) that results in change in the gene frequency in a small population.    

-a grassfire randomly sweeps through a population of buffalo and kills most of the animals.

explanation: