Bioinformatics includes i. using computer programs to align dna sequences, or ii. creating recombinant dna from separate species, or iii. developing computer-based tools for genome analysis, or iv. using mathematical tools to make sense of biological systems

The correct answers are options I, III and IV.

Explanation:

A science of storing, assessing, and retrieving huge amounts of biological knowledge is known as bioinformatics. It is an interdisciplinary branch that comprises various distinct kinds of specialists like molecular life scientists, biologists, mathematicians, and computer scientists.  

It is a hybrid science, which associated biological information with the procedures for information distribution, storage, and assessment to support various regions of scientific research comprising medicine.  

This branch of science helps in determining correlations between the sequences of gene and diseases, helps in developing new drugs, to determine protein compositions from the sequences of amino acids, and to help in the treatments of individual patients on the basis of their sequences of DNA.  

"1. it should be, it has been for about 20 years, and it's really not much different in the end than breeding animals to have particular traits. there are always concerns about genetically engineered animals/plants affecting the environment in unexpected negative ways, but i can't think of an example where the fears didn't turn out to be baseless.  

first, as you point out, it would be a great advance in pharmacology, to be able to tailor drugs and their doses to me. the pros involve better medical treatment. the cons involve privacy issues like insurance companies denying coverage to people with genetic risk factors. looking at dna markers wouldn't affect the frequency of genetic diseases, but it would allow detection of them earlier. and ok, actually i suppose that if people used this information to avoid having children with genetic diseases, some might decrease in frequency."

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