Gene genealogies can vary for different loci. what does this imply for species trees? group of answer choices
a) adaptive radiations do not occur.
b) species trees should be constructed using multiple loci (both nuclear and mtdna).
c) all genes in the genome are subject to similar selective pressures.
d) species trees require apomorphies in order to be successfully resolved.
e) accurately estimated gene trees will always give the correct species phylogeny.

Astudent from one of the research labs is having trouble preparing a slide for examination and photographing. the bacterial slide that he has brought to you was prepared using a commercially purchased stain. he has asked for your in determining what he is doing wrong so that he can change the lab protocols and continue on with his project. after examining the slide under oil immersion, you determine that no bacteria are present even though the student is able to show you the culture he used to make that slide that has visible growth in the liquid medium. which of the following statements does not explain the fact that there are no bacteria present on the student’s slide? by not allowing a glass slide to completely air dry before heat fixation, the flame will cause the surrounding water to boil and this will damage the bacterial cell. overheating during the fixation step boiled the water within the bacterial cells and resulted in the cells bursting. insufficient heating of the slide did not drive out the thin layer of water and this resulted in minimal bonding between the bacteria and the glass slide. rinsing with alcohol during the washing step stripped the bacteria off the glass slide. rinsing with alcohol during the washing step stripped the bacteria off the glass slide.