Imagine that a new population of humans is established on a previously uninhabited planet from ten randomly selected people in your biology class. over thousands of years, the descendants of those ten people reproduce and prosper, but they do not reflect well the diversity of humans on earth. this reduction in genetic diversity in the establishment of the population is an example of

Founder effect.

Explanation:

Founder effect is a case of genetic loss due to an event in which a small subset of individuals of a population becomes isolated from a larger population. As the problem states, this population will never represent the diversity existing in the original larger population, and without the opportunity to interbred with a different population, this group will become distinct.

One of the reported outcomes of the founder effect is the explanation of the higher prevalence of some genetic disorders in specific populations.

lizards have adapted to life in the desert. some desert lizards have toes with spiny scales to them run across the sand without sinking. some use the sand to hide from predators, or to search for small animals that they prey upon.

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.