When a membrane is freeze-fractured, the bilayer splits down the middle between the two layers of phospholipids. in an electron micrograph of a freeze-fractured membrane, the bumps seen on the fractured surface of the membrane are

Which conditions are necessary for natural selection to occur? select all of the answers that apply. a. inheritable adaptations vary among individuals. b. the population size is increasing. c. more individuals are born than can survive. d. fitness varies among individuals. e. the environment changes suddenly and drastically.

Some technological solutions to problems like global warming meet the specific needs and situations of local communities. an example from india involves converting the solid waste from cattle into clean-burning fuel for cooking. this reduces the amount of greenhouse gases, specifically methane and carbon dioxide, released into the environment from wood fires. when evaluating the feasibility of implementing this solution, computer models are used to weigh costs against benefits. what factor is least likely to impact the decision on adopting this technology?

2. how does the miller-urey experiment fall short of demonstrating that life can arise from inorganic molecules? explain. a. it doesn't show a leap between a collection of amino acids and a single-celled organism. b. it recreates the conditions that existed at the earth's beginning, but no molecules form as a result. c. it doesn't provide evidence of the formation of amino acids. d. it doesn't show how multicellular organisms developed from unicellular organisms