Es the phlogiston theory in the 17th century attempted to explain burning. the theory stated that combustable objects
contained a material called phlogiston, a substance without mass, color, odor, etc. after objects burned, the objects were
dephlogistonated and were then in their true form.
the phlogiston theory was accepted until the 18th century, when lavosier proved that combustion requires a gas that has mass.
phlogiston is evidence that
scientific knowledge is exact
scientific knowledge can evolve.
scientific knowledge is 100% proven.
scientific knowledge does not evolve.

1: most common garden plants prefer loam — soils with a balance of different-sized mineral particles (approximately 40% sand, 40% silt, and 20% clay) with ample organic matter and pore space. however, some plants grow better in sandy soils, while others are well-adapted to clay soils.

2: available water capacity is the maximum amount of plant available water a soil can provide. it is an indicator of a soil's ability to retain water and make it sufficiently available for plant use. available water capacity is the water held in soil between its field capacity and permanent wilting point.

3: it is the same for all living things (plants and animals). it also includes very tiny organisms that our eyes cannot see. they are known as microorganisms, and include viruses, bacteria and fungi.

multiple allele inheritance is traits controlled by more than 2 alleles (ex: pigeons having 3 alleles of one gene govern their feather color).   so the answer is a.