In a particular species of butterfly, the genes for two different traits, antenna shape and antenna color, are located on the same chromosome. as a result, crosses between these butterflies do not obey one of mendel's laws. which law does not apply, and why?

The collared lizard is a species found in the desert southwest. male collared lizards show considerable color variation, ranging from brightly colored to a very dull pattern. your goal is to determine the function, if any, of male color patterns in collared lizards, using the scientific method. your tentative explanation is that male color plays a role in attracting females for mating purposes. you predict that females will preferentially choose brightly colored males over dull-colored ones. to test this prediction, you observed the interactions of female collared lizards with their male counterparts. you selected males that were the same age and size, and that differed only in their coloration pattern. you placed equal numbers of the two types of male lizards, bright and dull, in aquariums, along with one female lizard per aquarium. out of 350 aquariums observed, the female chose to mate with the brightly colored male 277 times, and the dull-colored male 70 times. in 3 instances, the females did not mate with either type. create a bar graph of your data, plotting the type of male (dull or brightly colored) on the x-axis. on the y-axis, plot the frequency with which each type of male was chosen by females. using this graph, answer the following question(s). is it reasonable to conclude (i. e., is it supported by the data) that female collared lizards prefer more brightly colored male lizards over dull-colored males?

In general, characteristics that an organism survive and reproduce become more common in a population over time. what mechanism of evolution cause this change?

Part a - which gene to compare? in this exercise, you will use the cytochrome c oxidase i (coi) gene to investigate relationships among salmon species. (this gene encodes a protein that functions in the mitochondrial electron transport chain.) you will compare the coi gene sequences from your salmon test samples to the standard sequences for each salmon species. in order for the coi gene to be useful for distinguishing among the different salmon species, which three statements must be true?