What evidence led to the conclusion that earths core is mostly iron

i would say The fact that the Earth has a magnetic field is an independent piece of evidence for a molten, liquid core. A compass magnet aligns with the magnetic field anywhere on the Earth. The earth cannot be a large permanent magnet, since magnetic minerals lose their magnetism when they are hotter than about 500 degrees C. Almost all of the earth is hotter, and the only other way to make a magnetic field is with a circulating electric current. Circulation and convection of electrically conductive molten iron in the Earth's outer core produces the magnetic field. To make the magnetic field, the convection must be relatively rapid (much faster than it is in the plastic mantle), so the core must be fluid. Much of the energy to drive this convection comes from growth of the solid inner core, with the release of energy as the iron changes from solid to liquid.

Explanation:

...

your answer would be a, maximum exploitation of resources.