Apea plant from a pure-breeding strain that is tall, has green pods, and has purple flowers that are terminal is crossed to a plant from a pure-breeding strain that is dwarf, has yellow pods, and has white flowers that are axial. the f1 plants are all tall and have purple axial flowers as well as green pods. a. what phenotypes do you expect to see in the f2? b. what phenotypes and ratios would you predict in the progeny from crossing an fl plant to the dwarf parent?

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i. e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).