Which of the following assumptions or observations is not part of darwin's idea of natural selection?
a) organisms compete for limited resources.
b) whether an organism survives and reproduces is almost entirely a matter of random chance.
c) heritable traits that promote successful reproduction should gradually become more common in a population.
d) populations produce more offspring than their environment can support.

The branch of science which deals with the gradual change of an organism is called evolution.

The correct answer is B.

Charles Darwin is considered the father of evolution. He wrote the book Origin of species.

He gave the theory of natural selection in which he gave postulates about the adaptation of the species and the survival of the species in nature.

The Incorrect option is B because reproduction is not a random process. reproduction is a process to pass the genes to the next generation and for that species must survive.

Hence, the incorrect option is B that is Whether an organism survives and reproduces is almost entirely a matter of random chance.

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the cladogram shown here shows similarities and differences among several classes of vertebrates. anatomically, the four have limb structure as their common ancestor. we might separate the mammals from the other three classes because they a) divergent; do not lay eggs b) identical; are warm-blooded c) varied; a four chambered heart d) homologous; have mammary glands

not sure if this is what you'r looking for nnew= nold