In mice, a male and female are mated, both with long ears. all female have long ears but half the males bave short ears and half have ong ears the mode of inheritance and what is the genotype of the parents?

If you have both parents with long ears and some of the offsprings have short ears, you can say both parents are heterozygous for this. Both have a dominant (long ear), and a recessive allele (short ear).

To prove this, you can draw a Punnett square, and you'll see the probabilities of the offsprings.

every el niño cycle is different. every year.

you didn't give any options but heres what i can tell you: an inference is likely to change based on additional observations. the latter is something that you have seen or sensed using your sensory organs while the former is like a conclusion out from what you have observed.