Scientists discovered that new molten materials from inside the eath create new

Crust

Explanation:

According to the recently given theory, The theory of Seafloor Spreading the magma or lower most part of the earth's surface which sometimes bursts as (molten lava) plays substantial role in the formation of new crust. This is because when magma or molten lava from the bottom most part of the earth reaches the surface of earth, it cools down and pushes the already existing surface of the earth like rocks from both directions. This pushing of rocks cause the formation of new crust by the molten materials when it cools down.

Hope it helps!

when the displaced particles are perpendicular to the direction the wave travels, is called a transverse wave, whereas in longitudinal wave the displace practices are parallel to the direction of the wave.

in the given image:

first image shows - longitudinal wave

second image shows - transverse wave

third image shows - longitudinal wave

fourth image shows - longitudinal wave