What happens when two populations of the same species are separated by distance dor a long period of time?

they diversify and adapt to their new environment

Explanation:

when a species separates they adapt to their new environment depending on what the species needs to survive. for example reference Darwin's studies on the Galapagos islands, the same species of a bird were spread out across different islands that had different habitats which forced the bird to adapt to the new conditions.

9.9 years

a = p(1 + rt) . . account balance after time t at rate r starting with principal p

3000 = 2500(1 + 0.0202t) . . filling in the given numbers

1.2 = 1 + 0.0202t . . divide by 2500

0.2 = 0.0202t . . . subtract 1

0.2/0.0202 = t ≈ 9.901

it will take about 9.9 years for the account balance to reach $3000.