Over evolutionary time, many cave-dwelling organisms have lost their eyes. tapeworms have lost their digestive systems. whales have lost their hind limbs. how can natural selection account for these losses? a. natural selection cannot account for losses, only for innovationsb. it can account for these losses by the principle of use and disusec. under particular circumstances that persisted for long periods, each of these structures presented greater costs than benefitsd. these organisms had the misfortune to experience harmful mutations, which caused the loss of these structures over a few generations

C. Under particular circumstances that persisted for long periods, each of these structures presented greater costs than benefits

Explanation:

Natural selection is evolutionary mechanism which favors traits (structures, behavior) of an organism that help him survive and reproduce. But, when there are some structures of an organism that are useless, selective pressure acts against them. Structures that don't contribute to an organism’s survival and reproduction, but are not directly harmful will take long time to be eliminated.

if the hares very faster than they are now, and thus the lynx's hunting success rate drops because it will be harder to catch them, the rate that will change will be the pray-rate. the pray-rate will change because more hares will be able to survive, thus more individuals for reproduction, so the end result will be increasing population of hares.

the predator-rate will remain pretty much the same because there will be more than enough pray, but the hunting success rate is stagnant.