Which is a frameshift mutation?
a. substitution
b. nonsense
c. silent
d. deletion

I would say D

A frameshift mutation is a mutation caused by an insertion or deletion, which causes a shift in the translational reading frame. ... Instead of just changing one amino acid, frameshifts cause a change in all the amino acids in the rest of the gene

The correct answer will be option-D

Explanation:

A mutation is a change or alteration in the sequence of the DNA of the organism which leads to change the function of the sequence.

The mutation is caused by many mechanisms but one of the mechanism is by adding or deleting the nucleotide in the sequence of the DNA.

The addition or deletion shifts the frame of the DNA while scanning it to form mRNA molecule which then codes a different protein. Therefore the type of mutation is known as "frameshift mutation".

In the given question, since the only deletion is provided therefore, option-D is the correct answer.

d concave shape of wave rock

explanation:

the concave shape of wave rock is a very good evidence that supports the evolution of earth due to chemical weathering. if we talk about structure of   wave rock, studies have estimated that it is around 2.7 billion years old. it also serves as the foundation of evidence that it was the place where australian continent began to form.

how the structure of wave rock was created?

studies suggest that structure of wave rock was created when the surrounded area was started to weather due to which deposition of material started on the part of land which now contains wave rock.

the structure of wave rock is considered to be one of the best-known landforms in australia. at the height of around 15 cm, there can be found flared slopes which formulate the margins of hyden rock. it is now assumed by geologists that wave rock was created by subsurface water-induced weathering and not by glaciers, waves or wind.

due to deposition of material over the period of long time, the wave rock became tougher and tougher due to weathering from surrounding terrain. this makes it a physical evidence that supports   the evolution of earth due to chemical weathering.

hope it !